Swine Flu Infects Housecat—Are Your Pets Safe?

Ever since the news broke earlier this month that an American cat caught the swine flu, rumors about how pets can catch this disease have been spreading—but we're here to set the record straight!

"On November 2, test results confirmed that a pet cat in Iowa was infected by the H1N1 (swine flu) virus, which was most likely transmitted by human family members," reports Dr. Louise Murray, Director of Medicine at the ASPCA. "All family members, including the cat, have now recovered. In unrelated incidents in other states, a few pet ferrets also recently tested positive for H1N1, and one of them has died.” Although we already knew that infected humans could transmit H1N1 to both pigs and turkeys, these are the first reported cases of the virus affecting cats and ferrets.

According to Dr. Murray, there are no known instances of a dog catching H1N1 (but remember, it is flu season, and your dogs are still susceptible to catching other flu bugs). In addition, there is currently no evidence that H1N1 can be passed from pet to human—it seems to be going only the other way, with people transmitting the illness to their pets.

A little common sense will go a long way in decreasing the likelihood of passing the illness on to your pets. If members of your household are exhibiting flu-like symptoms, the ASPCA recommends protecting your pets by:

• washing hands thoroughly,
• covering coughs and sneezes and
• avoiding close contact with pets during the course of the illness.

In fact, if you’re sick, it’s a good idea to give your pets a place other than your bedroom to sleep at night until you get better.

If any pet displays symptoms such as lethargy, loss of appetite, coughing, sneezing or difficulty breathing—especially if a human family member has recently suffered from influenza—please contact your veterinarian.

Update on H1N1 (Swine Flu) in Pets

The latest rumors about how swine flu can affect your pet are spreading—but we're here to set the record straight! Read on for some expert advice from Dr. Louise Murray, Director of Medicine at the ASPCA.

"On November 2, test results confirmed that a pet cat was infected by the H1N1 (swine flu) virus, which was most likely transmitted by human family members," reports Dr. Murray. "The cat was tested for the virus at Iowa State University's College of Veterinary Medicine and results were positive.  All family members, including the cat, have now recovered."

The H1N1 influenza virus contains genetic material from four different influenza viruses, including human, swine, and avian influenza viruses. Previously known to be transmittable to both pigs and turkeys by infected humans, this is the first reported case of H1N1 affecting a cat. Several pet ferrets also recently became infected with the virus by human family members.

According to Dr. Murray, there is no evidence to date of a dog with H1N1 or of any human beings infected by a pet. However, she adds, "Commonsense measures should be taken with all pets to decrease the likelihood of potential virus transmission, including keeping pets out of the bedroom of anyone with flu-like illness and away from contaminated objects."  

The ASPCA recommends that pet parents with flu-like symptoms protect their pets by washing hands thoroughly, covering coughs and sneezes, and avoiding close contact with pets during the course of illness.

If your pet is displaying symptoms such as lethargy, coughing, sneezing or difficulty breathing—especially after a human family member has recently suffered from influenza—please contact your veterinarian. For more information about keeping your pet healthy this flu season, please check out our wintertime pet safety tips.

If the Shoe Doesn’t Fit: Halloween Costume Tips for Your Furry Friends

Even though our fur kids can look smashing in a pumpkin or pirate costume specifically made for their four-legged frames, many pets can have adverse reactions to a constrictive outfit or its irritating materials. Remember, pet parents, animals are most comfortable hanging out in their birthday suits. But in the spirit of all that’s ghoulish, the ASPCA offers some helpful costume tips to keep you and your pet singing “trick-or-treat!” all the way to November 1. 
 

• Schedule a dress rehearsal and try on all costumes well before the big night. Please don't put your dog or cat in a costume UNLESS you know he or she loves it (yup, a few pets are real hams!). If your pet seems distressed or shows abnormal behavior, consider letting him go au naturale or in a simple, festive bandana.
   
• Does your pet have sensitive skin? Even those with hearty coats can have allergic reactions to the synthetic materials found in many costumes. While you ride a sugar high, your pet might be uncomfortably scratching the night away.
   
• If you do dress up your pet, be sure the costume isn't annoying or unsafe, and make absolutely sure it doesn’t limit your pet’s movement, hearing, vision or ability to breathe or bark. Ill-fitting outfits can get twisted on external objects or your pet, which can lead to injury.
   
• It’s best to avoid costumes with lots of sequins or other dangling parts that your pet could eat or choke on. If your pet ingests something poisonous, immediately contact your vet or the ASPCA’s 24-hour poison control hotline at (888) 426-4435.

Need some creative costume inspiration before the big night? Check out the fashion-forward winners of our 2008 best-dressed dog photo contest.

For more information on playing it safe with your pet on All Hallows Eve, read our top 10 tips for a stress-free Halloween.

Does Lead in Toys Pose a Danger to Pets?

Whether your pet prefers squeaky rubber squirrels, stiff rawhide bones or fuzzy mice, he or she undoubtedly loves to play with toys. But is the source of your dog's or cat’s merriment safe? Many common household products—including toys for children and pets—may contain trace amounts of lead and other toxins. In most cases, however, the levels of these ingredients in toys don’t pose a significant threat to your furry friend.

The ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (APCC) reviewed 200,000 cases from the past two years and produced no examples of lead poisoning from pet toys. According to Dr. Sharon Gwaltney-Brant, ASPCA Vice President and Medical Director of the APCC, younger dogs, just like children, are especially vulnerable to lead poisoning, but most studies reveal only tiny amounts of lead in pet toys—not a grave risk for acute or chronic lead poisoning in dogs.

“Just because it's 'detectable' doesn't necessarily make it hazardous,” says Dr. Gwaltney-Brant. “Even oxygen is toxic at the right concentration.”

And what about other types of treats such as rawhide bones? Like pet toys, rawhide chews can include trace amounts of pesky chemicals. Dr. Safdar Khan, Director of Toxicology at the ASPCA, believes many dog lovers would be surprised if they learned the true contents of their pets’ treats. But he also adds that pet parents would likely be surprised if they knew the complete ingredients of what they eat and drink, too.

The reality is that a dog is much more likely to suffer obstruction from a rawhide bone than poisoning from a hidden toxin. In general, the smaller the dog, the fewer rawhide treats he should receive, and only give your pet rawhides under a watchful eye. Remember, it’s always wise to supervise!

And lest you think we’re leaving out our feline fans, here are a few safety tips to keep in mind when shopping for kitty’s favorite play things:

• The wand toy, often adorned with feathers, string or small stuffed toys, is ubiquitous. But take care with it, and watch for pieces of string or other components that might fall from the toy and get swallowed by your cat.
   
• Another popular treat for the kitty set is catnip. Word to the wise—some cats become very excited when smelling or eating it, so be careful about petting your cat until you know how she will respond.
   
• Please don’t let your cat play with rubber bands, paper clips or plastic bags. All can prove dangerous and a choking risk to our feline friends.

For more information about playing it safe with your pet, please visit APCC online.

Safety Tips for Hiking with Your Dog

What better way to spend a fall day than hiking with your best friend—your best canine friend, that is! Sure, the fall season is a great time for hikers to get outside and enjoy the beauty of changing colors, but it’s also the perfect way to spend quality time with your pet. Dogs love to explore our country’s vast natural beauty as much their two-legged counterparts—not to mention, hiking is great exercise for all. But remember, a hiking trail isn’t your average walk around the block. There are some real dangers associated with this seasonal pastime, including heat exhaustion, potential falls and the possibility of getting lost.

Lucky for you and your pooch, our experts have come up with a list of safety tips to keep your hikes safe and fun.

Here’s a sneak peek:

Use Proper Leashes

Extending leashes are great for wide open spaces, but if your romp is taking you through wooded areas, it’s best to leave the flexi-leads at home. Otherwise, you’ll probably spend more time untangling your dog’s leash from trees and brush than you will enjoying your walk!

Drink Plenty of Fluids

Both you and your pooch need to stay hydrated, so bring enough water for two. Don’t allow your pup to drink from puddles, ponds, lakes or streams—they may contain parasites or toxins that could cause harm.

IDs Please

Whether you’re using a leash or not, don’t forget IDs, please! Always make sure that your current contact information, including your cell phone number, is attached to your dog’s collar or body harness. If for any reason your pet gets lost, a collar and tags and a microchip will increase the likelihood that he or she will be returned to you.

Keep Vaccinations Up-to-Date

You never know what you may encounter on a hike—so before setting out into the wilderness, check your pet’s veterinary records and make sure his vaccinations are up-to-date.

Read our complete list of hiking safety tips!

Can Cats and Dogs Catch Swine Flu?

Pet parents of dogs and cats can relax for now, say ASPCA veterinarians. While the 2009 H1N1 virus—a faster moving and possibly more debilitating strain of influenza than the typical seasonal flu—has become an international concern, the virus, referred to as swine flu when first identified, appears to present little risk of infecting dogs and cats. However, viruses can mutate quickly and taking important preventative measures remains essential.

“Many species can become infected with influenza viruses, but the current 2009 H1N1 virus, which is a mixture of genetic material from different species, has not been identified in animal populations in the United States to date,” says Dr. Miranda Spindel, Director of ASPCA Veterinary Outreach. “These viruses are notoriously unpredictable, though, and it is important that we remain vigilant.”

In terms of other animals who are susceptible, Dr. Spindel warns that influenza or flu viruses are occasionally transmitted from people to pigs, and the 2009 H1N1 virus has also been identified in turkeys. Pet parents of Vietnamese Potbellies, African Pygmies and other pet pigs should monitor their animals' health closely, notify their veterinarian of any signs of illness and speak to their veterinarian about influenza type A vaccines.

Meanwhile, flu season is upon us and pet parents should take common-sense preventative measures to keep their dogs and cats healthy:

• If your dog is exhibiting flu-like symptoms, play it safe and avoid taking him to places like dog parks, where he can pass on germs or come into contact with unvaccinated or sick dogs.
  
  
• Avoid letting your cat roam freely outside.
  
  
• If your dog comes into frequent contact with other dogs or is kept in a kennel, the ASPCA recommends that you discuss with your veterinarian whether vaccination against canine influenza may be appropriate. Note: canine influenza and H1N1 are not the same virus.
  
  
• Talk to your vet about what flu vaccines are currently available, and be sure all your pets get vaccinated!
  
  
• Don't let your pet share water bowls, food dishes or toys with other animals.
  
  
• Make sure your pet is eating, drinking and playing as he normally does each day. If you notice your pet behaving unusually, or if he has flu-like symptoms, check in with your veterinarian immediately.

Read the ASPCA's official statement on swine flu.

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Let’s Stay Together: How to Help Your Pet Overcome Separation Anxiety

The month of September signifies a time of change: the season turns, school starts and vacations come to an end. Unfortunately, for many dogs, this departure from routine—especially the increased absence of two-legged friends—can be very unsettling. In response, poor Fido may start acting disruptive or destructive when left home alone. He may resort to urinating and defecating in the house, howling, chewing, pacing or trying to escape from the house or yard. When these issues are accompanied by signs of panic, distress or depression, they may indicate that your pet suffers from separation anxiety.

“Dogs re-homed during or after their adolescence are at greater risk of suffering separation anxiety than puppies,” says Jacque Schultz, ASPCA Senior Director of Community Outreach. “This is because lack of life experience has made them less resilient to changes in their routine and environment. They cling to their new guardian and panic when that guardian leaves home to go about his or her daily business.”

Of course, this doesn’t mean you should steer clear of adopting adolescent or elder pooches—especially since they make such great companions—so we’re here to help! When treating a dog with separation anxiety, the goal is to resolve the underlying issue by teaching him to enjoy—or at least tolerate—being left alone. Our experts have put together a list of top tips for helping your pooch overcome separation anxiety. Here’s a sneak peek at their advice:

Doctor Knows Best: The first step in tackling pet behavior issues is to rule out any underlying medical problems that might be causing them. For example, if your pet is urinating in the house, he might be suffering from a urinary tract infection, bladder stones, diabetes or kidney disease—all of which can cause urinary incontinence in dogs.

Conquer the Fear: If your pooch suffers from mild separation anxiety, try counter conditioning, or helping your dog associate being alone with something good, like a tasty treat. This might reduce or resolve the problem. To develop this kind of association, offer your dog a food-dispensing toy stuffed with healthy treats every time you leave the house.

Dogs Need Jobs: Providing lots of physical and mental stimulation is a vital part of treating many behavior problems, especially those involving anxiety. Exercise can enrich your dog’s life, decrease stress and provide appropriate outlets for normal behavior. Plus, a tired dog doesn’t have much excess energy to burn when he’s left alone!

Learn more about teaching your dog how to be comfortable being alone—read our complete guide to overcoming separation anxiety.

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Protect Your Horse When Disaster Strikes

Tornadoes, hurricanes, floods and fires—devastating natural and man-made disasters can enter our lives at anytime, often without warning. Are you prepared to take care of your horse if tragedy strikes? Emergency situations may require anything from a brief absence from your home to permanent evacuation. Even small-scale events, such as a gas leak, can have a significant impact on your ability to help the animals in your care. It is vital for all horse parents to plan, prepare and prevent.

To help you protect your horse from the dangers of both natural disasters and ordinary, everyday accidents, the ASPCA has provided a list of 10 vital actions you can take.

Here’s a preview of some of our life-saving tips:

Get a Move On

Practice putting a halter on your horse, and get him used to trailering. Periodically, you should practice quickly getting your horse on a trailer for the same reason that schools have fire drills—asking a group of unpracticed children to exit a burning building in a calm fashion is a little unrealistic, as is requesting a new and strange behavior of your horse. Remember, practice makes perfect!

Keep it Clean

Keep a clean and tidy stable and pasture. Remove any hazardous and flammable materials, debris and machinery from around the barn's walkways, entrances and exits. Inspect your grounds regularly and remove dangerous debris in the pasture.

Be a Social Butterfly

Get your horse well-socialized and used to being handled by all kinds of strangers. If possible, invite emergency responders and/or members of your local fire service to interact with your horse. It will be mutually beneficial for them to become acquainted. Firemen’s turnout gear may smell like smoke and look unusual, which many horses find frightening—so ask them to wear their usual response gear to get your horse used to its look and smell.

For a complete list of actions you can take, read our Top 10 Disaster Readiness Tips for Horses.

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Pet Health Alert: Cancer Prevention in Older Dogs

Cancer is not only a risk for human beings—it can affect our canine companions, too. "Veterinary research estimates that the incidence of cancer in older dogs ranges from 50 to 75 percent," according to Dr. Louise Murray, ASPCA Director of Medicine at Bergh Memorial Animal Hospital (BMAH).

Such high numbers of the disease may have to do with innovations in pet health care, such as vaccines and deworming. “Nowadays, more pets are protected from parasites, heartworms and viral disease,” observes Dr. Murray. “As a result, they are living longer and developing cancer in their old age.”

Veterinary oncologists are also detecting cancer more often and at earlier stages with the help of sophisticated diagnostic tools such as ultrasound, CT scans and even MRIs for pets.

Though we cannot prevent all cancers, there are certain steps pet parents can take to greatly diminish the chances of their animal companion contracting the disease:

• Spaying and neutering pets before their first heat cycles can significantly reduce the occurrence of mammary tumors and helps prevent ovarian, uterine and testicular cancers.
• If you notice a mass on your pet's skin, have it examined immediately by a veterinarian. If it is cancerous, have it removed as soon as possible.
• Don't allow your pet to be exposed to cigarette smoke.
• Use pet-formulated sunscreen on vulnerable, fair-skinned pets.
• Avoid chemical lawn products, which are proven to cause cancers in pets, including bladder cancer and lymphoma.

Read ASPCA veterinary tips on diagnosing, treating and preventing cancer in dogs.

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Busy Pets Are Happy Pets: Fun Ways to Keep Your Pet Active

It seems like the most natural thing in the world—our pets need food, water, medical care and lots of love. But dogs and cats have other needs, too. Our furry friends need ample physical exercise and mental stimulation to lead truly full and happy lives.

“They need jobs,” says Kristen Collins, CPDT, ASPCA Animal Trainer. Dogs and cats need to stay busy and engaged, but unfortunately most pets are unemployed—they sit at home, chronically bored, waiting for their humans to return from work. And as we all know, an idle pet can quickly turn into a naughty pet when restlessness becomes overwhelming.

“With nothing to do, dogs and cats are forced to find ways to entertain themselves,” explains Kristen. “Their activities of choice often include behaviors we find problematic, like excessive barking or meowing, gnawing on shoes, raiding the garbage, eating houseplants and scratching furniture.”

To prevent behavior and health problems, Kristen recommends the following physical and mental workouts—both when you’re there to join the fun and when your pet is home alone.

• Move it! Healthy adult dogs need at least 30 minutes of aerobic exercise twice a day. Jogging, swimming and playing at the dog park are all great ways to burn excess energy.
  
  
• Get Their Games On: Engage in structured games, like fetch and tug-of-war—they’re not only great exercise but also teach your pet impulse control and strengthen the bond between you.
  
  
• Engage in the Hunt: Keep your dog occupied when he’s home alone by giving him a food-stuffed puzzle toy, like the Kong, or some tasty chew toys.
  
  
• Let’s Get Physical: Like their canine counterparts, cats also need plenty of aerobic exercise. Get kitty fit with rousing play sessions, such as chase and fetch with furry toys, small balls or toy mice.
  
  
• Feline Pastimes: Encourage your cat’s favorite home alone activities, including bird watching, exploring paper bags or boxes, watching cat videos or spending time in secure outdoor enclosures.
  
  
• Teach Your Cat New Tricks! Felines are quick studies and can learn practical skills like coming when called, sitting up, rolling over and even using the toilet!

Kristen adds: “The bottom line is that you're responsible for enriching your pet's life. Providing opportunities to exercise your cat or dog’s mind and body will keep her healthy and happy—and enhance your relationship, too.”

For more information about enriching your pet’s life, please check out expert advice from our Virtual Pet Behaviorist.

Do you Twitter? Use this hashtag to tweet on this article: @aspca and #KeepPetsBusy

Hurricane Season’s Here: Six Steps to A Rescue Plan that Includes Pets

Katrina, Ike and Gustav are more than just names to those whose homes and families were devastated by these destructive storms. Even with the aid of disaster response teams, many evacuees permanently lost their companion animals. As hurricane season 2009 heats up, the message couldn't be clearer—you can help prevent losing your pet by putting emergency evacuation plans into place.

The ASPCA would like to offer a sneak peak at six steps to follow BEFORE you’re faced with evacuation. To read our complete list in English and Spanish, visit the Disaster Preparedness section of our website.

• Get a Rescue Alert Sticker
  Affix these decals, free on the ASPCA website, to the windows of your home to alert rescue officials that a pet lives inside.
  
  
• Arrange a Safe Haven
  Don’t leave your pet behind if you’re forced to evacuate. Find out if there are emergency animal shelters in your area. If not, take these steps to keep your pet safe.
  
  
• Pre-Pack Emergency Supplies and Traveling Kits
  Prepare an Evac-Pack and pet supplies before emergency strikes, and make sure that everyone in the family knows where they are. The kit should be clearly labeled, easy to carry and should include items such as a pet first aid kit, recent photos of your animal companion and food and water bowls. Read a more complete list of items to include.
  
  
• Choose A Designated Caregiver
  Take time to consider who you’d like to act as your pet’s temporary caregiver should you not make it home in time to retrieve your pet. Ask yourself these questions: is the person home often enough to care for your pet, do they have a key to your residence and have they spent time getting to know your animal companion?
  
  
• Have an Evacuation Plan in Place
  Plan for the worst-case scenario. Store an emergency kit and leashes as close to an exit as possible, make sure all of your pets are wearing proper identification and consider your evacuation route ahead of time.
  
  
• Know Your Region’s Weather Patterns
  If you live in an area that is prone to natural catastrophes, such as tornadoes, earthquakes or floods, know which rooms in your house can be used as safe havens, store up a supply of fresh water in advance and, in the event of an emergency, keep your pets with you, even crating them for safety and comfort.

Visit the Disaster Preparedness section of our website for a more complete list of emergency planning tips and to download the Ready Pets brochure on pet-friendly evacuation (pdf).

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These Little Piggies Need Real-Life Care

This summer’s Disney blockbuster, G-Force, which features an army of heroic guinea pigs wielding high-tech gadgets, may have put these cuddly rodents atop the A-list of desirable pets. But a word of caution to parents whose kids are suddenly begging to bring a guinea pig home: these docile members of the rodent family can be fragile, need spacious cages, a good amount of exercise and are expensive to care for if they get sick.

Please consider the following facts from ASPCA experts before bringing a guinea pig home:

• Guinea pigs can cost $635 per year—$705 for the first year alone. Read more about guinea pig costs
• They generally have a lifespan of 5 to 7 years.
• Training a guinea pig to use a litter box is possible, but requires lots of time and patience.
• Guinea pigs have delicate digestive systems. They require a special diet and must be fed twice daily.
• A proper cage, which should be a minimum of four square feet, needs to be cleaned daily of droppings and soiled bedding.
• Guinea pigs must gnaw to keep their ever-growing teeth from getting too long; they should constantly be provided with items to chew on, like fresh grass, hay, branches and twigs.

That said, guinea pigs make wonderful companions, rarely bite and are known for squeaking with delight when their favorite humans enter the room. If you are considering owning a guinea pig, don't buy one—there are plenty of rescues across the country who will gladly adopt their furry residents out to the right families.

Read our complete tips on guinea pig care.

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Hot Dog! How to Keep Your Pets Cool

 
Squeezing in some last days of summer in the great outdoors? Take care, pet parents: being overeager in hot weather can spell danger for our furry friends.

“Even the healthiest pets can suffer from dehydration, heat stroke and sunburn if overexposed to the heat,” says Dr. Lila Miller, ASPCA Vice President of Veterinary Outreach, “and heat stroke can be fatal if not treated promptly.”

 
Watch out for the following symptoms of overheating in pets:

• excessive panting or difficulty breathing
• drooling
• mild weakness
• stupor and even collapse

Pets can also suffer from seizures, bloody diarrhea and vomiting, along with an elevated body temperature of over 104 degrees.

Take these simple precautions to help prevent your pet from overheating. And if you suspect your pet is suffering from heat stroke, get help from your veterinarian immediately.

• Avoid dehydration by always having fresh, clean water available and lots of shady places where pets can cool off. When the weather’s extremely hot, keep your pets indoors.
• Give your dog a haircut to help prevent overheating. Shave the hair to a one-inch length, but never down to the skin, as fur offers protection from the sun. Brushing your cat more often than usual can also help prevent problems caused by excessive heat.
• When using sunscreen or insect repellent, be sure the product is labeled specifically for use on animals.
• Never leave an animal alone in a parked vehicle. “On a hot day, a parked car can become a furnace in no time—even with the windows open—which could lead to fatal heat stroke,” says Dr. Louise Murray, Director of Medicine at ASPCA Bergh Memorial Animal Hospital.

Please visit ASPCA.org for our complete list of hot weather safety tips!

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Itchin’ and Scratchin’: Does Your Pet Suffer from Allergies?

According to the ASPCA, more than 20 percent of pets may suffer from some sort of allergy. Allergic reactions in cats and dogs are caused by inhaling, ingesting or having physical contact with an allergen, and the resulting symptoms can cause great discomfort to our furry friends. Furthermore, dogs and cats may persistently lick and scratch itchy areas, causing skin irritation, hair loss and, in some cases, skin and ear infections.

We all want our pets to be comfortable and healthy, so it’s extremely important to determine the source of an allergy and treat it appropriately. Flea allergies are especially problematic during the summer months, and need special attention because they can cause serious health problems like anemia.

If you suspect your pet is suffering from allergies, talk to your vet about determining the exact cause and a specific treatment program. Here are a few common causes:

• Tree, grass, weed, mold, mildew and dust pollens
• Food
• Fleas and flea-control products
• Prescription drugs
• Perfumes
• Cleaning products
• Cigarette smoke
• Fabrics
• Rubber and plastic materials

Removing the offending allergen from your home is the best way to combat allergies. Check out our other expert tips for treatment:

• Prevention is the best remedy for allergies caused by fleas. See your veterinarian for advice about safe flea control products for your pet.
  
  
• If dust is the problem, clean your pet's bedding once a week and vacuum at least twice weekly—this includes rugs, curtains and any other materials that gather dust.
  
  
• Weekly bathing may help relieve itching and remove environmental allergens and pollens from your pet’s skin.
  
  
• If your pet suffers from a suspected food allergy, she may need to be given a prescription or hydrolyzed protein diet to determine the exact cause of the irritation.

For more information about pet allergies, please visit our online health center for cats and dogs.

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New York Dogs Hurt by Leptospirosis

June’s near-constant rains may have helped make some dogs in New York City critically ill. Local news outlets have been reporting that several otherwise healthy dogs are believed to have died in recent weeks from leptospirosis, a bacterial infection that occurs worldwide and is transmitted in several ways: through bites, contact with the urine of an infected animal, or exposure to contaminated soil, food or bedding.

Veterinarians at the ASPCA Bergh Memorial Animal Hospital (BMAH) confirm that leptospirosis outbreaks do increase during periods of heavy rainfall because the Leptospira family of bacteria thrives in stagnant or slow-moving water. City dog runs with poor drainage and a lack of fresh drinking water create ideal conditions for the disease to flourish. 

Fortunately, there is a leptospirosis vaccine—talk to your vet about whether vaccinating is a good idea for your dog. “Like other vaccines, there may be a higher rate of adverse reactions in small-breed dogs,” says Dr. Louise Murray, Director of Medicine at BMAH. “The vaccine should be administered separately from other vaccinations and in two stages—one shot followed by a booster two or three weeks later.”

The ASPCA also urges dog owners to be on the lookout for the following symptoms: fever, vomiting, poor appetite, lethargy, coughing and labored breathing. Infected dogs may become jaundiced (yellowing of the eyes and skin) or stop urinating if the disease is severe. Leptospirosis is treatable with antibiotics, but prompt medical attention is vital as the disease can be fatal and can be transmitted to humans.

Furthermore, “when outdoors—whether at the dog run or by a pond—dog owners must be vigilant about not letting their pets drink stagnant water,” warns Dr. Murray. “We recommend the leptospirosis vaccine, but don’t allow it to make you lax. Because there are many strains of the disease, vaccination does not guarantee absolute protection. Always bring fresh drinking water when you take your dogs on outings.” 

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2009 Adopt-A-Shelter-Cat Month Photo Contest

Has your kitty embraced the latest exercise fad? Is she a master yogi who can put her leg behind her ear, or does she prefer the Olympic high jump over the kitchen table? For this year's ASPCA Adopt-A-Shelter-Cat Month Photo Contest, we asked you to catch your supple felines in the act of "cat-ercising," and boy did you deliver. Check out our agile finalists, and vote for your favorite!

Health Warning: Prevent Heat Stroke in Pets

Pets and parents alike look forward to spending the long, sunny days of summer outdoors, but being overeager in hot weather can spell danger, warn ASPCA experts. 

“Even the healthiest pets can suffer from dehydration, heat stroke and sunburn if overexposed to the heat,” says Dr. Lila Miller, ASPCA Vice President of Veterinary Outreach, “and heat stroke can be fatal if not treated promptly.”

Watch out for the following symptoms of overheating in pets: excessive panting or difficulty breathing, drooling, mild weakness, stupor and even collapse. Pets can also suffer from seizures, bloody diarrhea and vomiting, along with an elevated body temperature of over 104 degrees.

Take these simple precautions, provided by ASPCA experts, to help prevent your pet from overheating. And if you suspect your pet is suffering from heat stroke, get help from your veterinarian immediately.

• Avoid dehydration by always having fresh, clean water available and lots of shady places where pets can cool off. When the weather’s extremely hot, keep your pets indoors.
  
  
• Give your dog a light summer haircut to help prevent overheating. Shave the hair to a one-inch length, but never down to the skin, as fur offers protection from the sun. Brushing your cat more often than usual can also help prevent problems caused by excessive heat.
  
  
• When using sunscreen or insect repellent, be sure the product is labeled specifically for use on animals.
  
  
• Never leave an animal alone in a parked vehicle. “On a hot day, a parked car can become a furnace in no time—even with the windows open—which could lead to fatal heat stroke,” says Dr. Louise Murray, Director of Medicine at ASPCA Bergh Memorial Animal Hospital.

Please visit ASPCA.org for our complete list of hot weather safety tips!

High-Rise Syndrome: Protect Your Cat from Dangerous Falls

Summer breezes drifting through a city-dweller's apartment may be relaxing to humans, but windows left ajar can often put urban felines in danger. A cat's prey drive may lead him to pounce on moving birds or insects—often through an open window. In fact, cats falling out of unscreened windows is such a frequent problem in big cities that the veterinary profession has a name for it—High-Rise Syndrome.

During the warmer months, veterinarians at the ASPCA Bergh Memorial Animal Hospital see approximately three to five cases a week, many resulting in shattered jaws, punctured lungs, broken limbs and pelvises—and even death.

The good news is that these falls are 100-percent preventable. Please take heed of the following precautions provided by ASPCA experts:

• Install snug-fitting, sturdy window screens.
• Make sure adjustable screens are tightly wedged into window frames.
• Cats can easily fit through the bars of childproof guards, so use screens as well.
• If your cat falls, assume he has survived and immediately rush him to the nearest animal hospital. There is a 90-percent survival rate for feline high-rise victims who are given immediate medical attention.
• Follow these precautions even if your apartment is on the first or second floor of your building. Shorter falls may prove more dangerous since they don't give cats enough time to adjust their body posture to land correctly.

Visit ASPCA.org for the complete list of facts on High-Rise Syndrome.

Popular Flea Products Can Hurt Your Cat

In light of recent government scrutiny of flea and tick products, the ASPCA is cautioning pet parents to use care when applying any over-the-counter or prescription flea and tick solutions. Spot-on products—topical insecticides applied to the skin—generally kill fleas and ticks by targeting their nervous systems. But if misapplied, these products can have devastating consequences for our furry friends.

According to new data from the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center, when cats are treated properly and according to label directions, fewer than 2% experience major illness, while nearly 20% suffer major problems when the solution is used incorrectly.

“Cats especially are extremely sensitive to insecticides,” says Dr. Steven Hansen, ASPCA Veterinary Toxicologist and Senior Vice President of Animal Health Services. “Just a few drops of concentrated permethrin, present in many spot-on treatments designed for dogs, can be lethal to cats.”

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which regulates topical pet treatments, says the number of reported incidents from spot-on flea and tick treatments increased more than 50% in 2008. As a result of the increase, the EPA announced last month that it’s evaluating all spot-on products.

Here’s some advice for keeping your pet safe from fleas and insecticides this summer:

• Confirm your pet has fleas by identifying common signs such as scabs, excessive scratching and droppings (known as “flea dirt”) in your pet’s coat.
• Talk to your vet about choosing the right, species-specific flea treatment for your pet and never use products made for dogs on cats, and vice versa.
• Avoid applying flea powders and sprays in addition to a spot-on treatment—the chemicals in different products can have adverse reactions with each other.
• Clean your house, including rugs, bedding and upholstery, and discard any used vacuum bags. Since fleas love long, unkempt grass, remember to treat and maintain your yard as carefully as your home.

If you suspect your pet is having a reaction from a flea infestation or topical flea and tick product, please contact your veterinarian immediately. For more information about flea prevention this summer, please visit our pet care pages online.

ASPCA Guide to Pet-Safe Gardening

This spring, deep-country and urban gardeners alike are pruning the greenery with pets by their sides. But beware, pet parents—elements in your lush, flowery nooks can be dangerous to animal companions. Says Dana Farbman, pet poison prevention expert for the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (APCC), “Keeping animals safe from accidental poisonings should not end once you’ve stepped outside—protecting your pet from potential hazards in the yard is just as critical.”

Last year, the APCC fielded 60,000 calls by pet parents whose animal companions had come into contact with fertilizers, insecticides, weed killers and pet-toxic plants. Read the complete ASPCA Gardener’s Guide to learn how to keep your pet safe.

Here's a sneak peek at some of the tips offered by our ASPCA experts:

• Keep pet-poisonous plants off your property. Sago palm as well as mushrooms can cause liver failure, while rhododendron, azalea, lily of the valley, oleander, rosebay, foxglove and kalanchoe can all harm your pet's heart.
  
• Fertilizers are dangerous. They often contain heavy metals such as iron that, if ingested in large enough amounts, can cause severe gastric upset and possibly gastrointestinal obstruction.
  
• Don’t use cocoa mulch! The sweet smell of this popular mulch attracts dogs, and like chocolate, ingestion can cause vomiting, diarrhea and elevated heart rates in our canine friends.

If you suspect your pet has eaten something toxic from your garden or yard, please contact your veterinarian or the APCC 24-hour hotline at (888) 426-4435.

ASPCA Vets Warn About Heartworm: It Takes Only One Mosquito Bite!

City dwellers and suburbanites alike may find it shocking to hear that pets who live in environments with low mosquito populations are still at risk for contracting heartworm. “It only takes one infected mosquito to pass this devastating parasite onto your pet,” warns Dr. Louise Murray, Director of Medicine at the ASPCA's Bergh Memorial Animal Hospital.
 
Challenging to treat and sometimes fatal, heartworm disease, which can be transmitted to dogs and cats by a mosquito who has previously bitten an infected animal, can cause a host of health problems in domestic pets. Dr. Murray reports, “Though infected animals may go for a period of time without showing any symptoms, heartworm disease can lead to heart, lung and organ damage in both dogs and cats—even putting infected cats at risk for sudden death.”

The good news is prevention is easy. “There are several FDA-approved medications available that reliably prevent heartworm,” says Dr. Murray. “These medications are inexpensive and offer excellent protection."  Preventive treatment is now recommended in all areas of the United States, and pet parents should work with their veterinarians to find the right medication for their companion animal.

Should you observe the following symptoms in your pet, please take him to your veterinarian for an immediate exam:

• Labored breathing
• Coughing
• Vomiting
• Weight loss and listlessness
• Fatigue after only moderate exercise
• Distended abdomen

Can cats get heartworm from an infected dog? Find out from our ASPCA veterinarians!

Update on H1N1 Virus

Pet parents, you can relax—the recent, rapid outbreak of the H1N1 virus appears to present little risk of infecting our furry friends. In the past few weeks, only humans have been affected by the new virus, and it's still unknown how the virus will impact other species.

"Currently there's no data demonstrating any risk of dogs and cats contracting this strain of the virus," says Dr. Louise Murray, Director of Medicine at the ASPCA's Bergh Memorial Hospital in New York City. "However, owners of pet pigs, as well as farmers, should monitor their animals' health more closely and take steps to limit transmission from humans to pigs and vice versa."

Dr. Miranda Spindel, Director of ASPCA Veterinary Outreach, adds: "Swine influenza or swine flu is one of the leading causes of respiratory disease in swine throughout the world. Like most influenza A viruses, swine flu generally causes high levels of illness in pigs, but fatalities are uncommon." 

For the latest information about the outbreak and your pet's health, please visit the Center for Disease Control (http://www.cdc.gov/swineflu). If you think your pet is sick or he shows any sudden changes in behavior, call your vet.

Read the ASPCA's official statement on swine flu.

	If you have a pet pig, consult with your vet about a Type A influenza vaccine, which is available and recommended for all healthy swine.

Raise a Green Paw For Earth Day!

If you have a pet who eats, sleeps, plays and poops, you’ve got plenty of opportunities to cut down on waste, raise your pet’s quality of life and color your corner of the world green. Here’s how to Go Green for Pets.

Happy Earth Day to all the animals who make this wonderful world a place worth preserving.

	If you don’t have a pet, adopt one—can you think of a better way to beautify the planet? We can’t!

The More Embarrassing the Outfit, the Better

You’ve been hearing us talk about going orange. A LOT.  We want to make sure you get to show off your efforts, so we’re holding a Go Orange Photo Contest. Show us your pets sporting their best orange gear—dogs, cats, bunnies, horses…all species look good in orange! So get creative, grab your camera and send us your best shot! Top ten winners will be featured on our website in May and receive an ASPCA Prize Pack. 
 
And remember, we only want photos of happy pets. Please make sure the outfit you choose is not irritating or constricting. If your pet seems the least bit uncomfortable or restricted, try a simple orange bandana or a small orange bow attached to her collar. Check out our precautions for dressing pets. (As long as your pet is comfy, it’s OK with us if his outfit embarrasses him. He’ll forgive you…eventually.)

	If your dog has a regular group of canine friends at the park, try arranging a group photo! You can bring orange bandanas for all the dogs. Send photos to website@aspca.org.

But Mom, I Wanna Go Orange, Too!

Re-posted from our weekly News Alert:

Know any young animal lovers? Please pass this message on to them:

Hey kids, have you heard the word? It’s time to put down those pencils and pick up some orange markers—there’s work to be done! We need you and your friends to go orange for animals for the entire month of April. That’s right, this is your big chance to tell the world how much you love animals and don’t want to see them hurt. Cool beans, eh?

Here are a few things you can do:

• Join the Club

  Wish there was an animal club at your school? Now’s the perfect time to start one. Ask your favorite teacher to be your advisor, and at your first meeting you can discuss all the cool things you can do to help animals.

• Wear Orange!

  Open your closet and get out those bright orange pants, hats, caps, bandannas, shirts, sneakers and socks! No worries if the orange clothing fairy passed you by, though—orange nail polish makes quite a statement, too!

• Show Your Shelter Some Love

  Ask your teacher if your class can send letters to your local animal shelter, thanking the staff and volunteers for taking care of the animals in your neighborhood who don’t have homes.

So what are you waiting for? Go check out our fun and easy Ways for Kids to Go Orange—and remember, even little kids can create big change when it comes to helping animals.

P.S. A very special shout-out to Mrs. Ferro's class for hosting lunchtime bake sales and making super-cool ASPCA posters to hang around their school!

	Parents, if your kids have a question—any question at all!—about animals, have them Ask Azula. A wiser bird you’ve never seen!

A Good Week to Double-Check Your Home

Reposted from our weekly News Alert:

This week is National Poison Prevention Week—a perfect time to learn what’s poisonous to your pet. In 2008, the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center handled more than 140,000 cases of pets exposed to toxins, many of which were everyday household items. Some of the worst offenders were those living things that keep your home fresh and green—household plants!

In honor of National Poison Prevention Week, we put together a video of our top toxicologist, Dr. Steven Hansen, Senior Vice President, ASPCA Animal Health Services, discussing the dangers of 17 common plants that you may have in your homes right now, including lilies, chrysanthemum and sago palm. Dr. Hansen shows you examples of each plant, so you’ll know exactly what to look out for.

Remember, if you suspect your pet has ingested something poisonous, please contact your veterinarian or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at (888) 426-4435.

	If you have something in your home you’re unsure about, here’s your chance to ask ASPCA experts directly. Join our live “Ask the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center” chat from noon to 2:00 P.M. this Friday, March 20, in the ASPCA Online Community.

Who Was Your First?

You probably remember your first hamster better than your first boyfriend. (That’s because your pet was loyal and didn’t break your heart.) First pets establish a lifetime bond between kids and animals. Pets prepare kids for kindergarten in ways that people never could! A cat who reacts to her tail getting pulled by a playful toddler, a dog who makes it clear he is a dog and not a horse when a preschooler tries to hop on for a ride—these fundamental social lessons teach kids respect for animals, and for people, too!

We encourage parents to model humane relationships with animals. But we want to help you make sure your kids and your pets are safe while they learn to love each other. So without further ado, find out all you need to know in the ASPCA Guide to Kids & Pets.

	Teach your kids to leave kitty alone if she retreats to a bed or other area designated as her safe spot.

Today: Live Chat with ASPCA Expert on the Human-Animal Bond

It’s been a year, and I still mourn my dog. Is this normal?
Help, my dorm roommate and my cat don’t get along!
My fiancé says it’s me—or my new puppy!

The human-animal bond is a unique relationship that affects people and pets in profound ways. Here to help us understand and nurture this special bond is the ASPCA’s Dr. Stephanie LaFarge, Senior Director of Counseling Services. Dr. LaFarge, who specializes in human-animal relationships and grief counseling, will join us in a live discussion Friday, March 6, on our ASPCA Online Community. Catch her today between noon and 2:00 P.M. EST!

	If you have a friend who has recently lost a pet, remember that she is grieving for a family member. You can bring food or lend a friendly ear to help during this difficult time.

Hamster and Cat Sitting in a Tree, K-I-S-S-I-N-G

This February, in celebration of Valentine’s Day, we put out a call for stories honoring your pet and his non-human BFF—and boy, did you guys deliver. We received hundreds of stories of unlikely companions, from a hamster who hangs out in his feline pal’s food dish to a bird who perches on the head of his happy guinea pig friend. Your stories have also put to rest, once and for all, that age-old question—can cats and dogs be friends? You betcha they can! And so can horses and lambs, as it turns out.

Meet our favorite best buddies on our website and keep spreading the furry love. Trust us, you don’t wanna miss these pics.

	No matter how many critters are around, your pets still need to know that when it comes to friendship, you’re tops! Never go to bed without saying “I love you.”

How the Economic Crisis Affects Animals

Important info like this bears repeating. From our weekly News Alert:

The current U.S. financial crisis has the potential to grow into a serious animal welfare issue, warns Executive Vice President of ASPCA Programs, Dr. Stephen Zawistowski. As households across the country are caught in the economic downturn, an estimated 500,000 to one million cats and dogs are at risk of becoming homeless.

“According to national financial estimates, approximately one in 171 homes in the U.S. is in danger of foreclosure due to the subprime mortgage crisis,” Zawistowski observes. “Considering that approximately 63 percent of U.S. households have at least one pet, hundreds of thousands are in danger of being abandoned or relinquished to animal shelters.”

To avoid or ease the heartbreak of losing an animal companion due to economic hardship, the ASPCA urges pet owners who are faced with foreclosure to think of alternatives ahead of time:

• See if friends, family or neighbors can provide temporary foster care for their pet until they get back on their feet.
• If they are moving into a rental property, get written permission in advance that pets are allowed.
• Contact the local animal shelter, humane society or rescue group before they move. If a shelter agrees to take the pet, they should provide medical records, behavior information and anything else that might help the pet find a new home.

“Everyone is being affected by the current economic crisis in some way,” says ASPCA President & CEO Ed Sayres. “Community animal shelters and rescue groups across the country may soon be seeing an increase in homeless pets or a decrease in the donations they rely on.”
For more information on pets in the economic crisis, please visit our pressroom.

	Here’s how you can help! Adopt a homeless pet. Donate used blankets, towels or even tennis balls to your local animal shelter. Foster adoptable animals until they find their forever homes. Help community members who may be struggling to take care of their pets.

Don’t Mean to Be a Bummer—Better Safe Than Sorry!

Yes, this is a post about Valentine’s Day safety, but before you scoff at the absurdity of this idea, check it: In the week prior to Valentine's Day last year, cases involving chocolate ingestion and pet increased by 74%—a number comparable only to cases seen during the Christmas and New Year’s holidays. Why is chocolate bad? See tip number one.

Here are some helpful tips from the ASPCA Guide to a Pet-Friendly Valentine’s Day:

- Stow chocolates in paw-proof drawers and cabinets. The darker the chocolate, the more likely a pet who’s ingested it will suffer vomiting, diarrhea, hyperactivity, seizures and an elevated heart rate.

- When sending a floral arrangement, request that it contain no lilies, as all species within the plant genera Lilium are toxic to cats. And please de-thorn your roses, as their sharp, woody spines can hurt your pet if chewed, stepped on or swallowed.

- Spilled wine is nothing to cry over—until a curious pet laps it up. Because animals are smaller than humans, a little bit of alcohol can do a lot of harm, causing vomiting, lack of coordination, difficulty breathing and even coma.

- Gather up tape, ribbons, cellophane and balloons after you open presents—long, stringy and “fun-to-chew” items can get lodged in your pet’s throat or digestive tract.

For more tips, read our complete online guide. As always, if you suspect your pet has ingested a toxic substance, contact your veterinarian or the APCC’s 24-hour hotline at (888) 426-4435.

Happy almost-Valentine’s Day! Here’s to a day of loving, laughing—and licking—with your pets.

	We’re all for sharin’ the love with your pets on Saturday, but while you and your honey share your romantic dinner, let your furry friends enjoy some fine dining of their own—in another room! They’ll be safe and you’ll be free of food theft.

Live Chat Today with ASPCA Vet: Winter Safety Tips

Should my dog wear a coat?
Is it safe for my pooch to eat snow?
Are the fumes from the fireplace dangerous for pets?

Baby, it's cold outside. Do you know how to protect your pet? Dr. Jennifer Lander, ASPCA Vet Manager, Animal Health, is here to answer your questions about winter safety. Please join her on the ASPCA Online Community today, Friday, February 6, from noon to 2:00 P.M. EST to find out the good doc's prescription for keeping your pets safe when the temperature drops.

	Stumped on what to ask Dr. Lander? Look to last year’s cold-weather safety chat for inspiration!

Don’t Forget to Remember the Recall

This may seem obvious, but better safe than sorry. The FDA’s peanut butter recall, which you may have heard about last week, applies to our animals, too. It traced sources of Salmonella contamination to a plant owned by Peanut Corporation of America (PCA). Please discontinue offering your pets any peanut butter products until further notice.

In case you’re wondering if pets even consume peanut products, “Peanut butter is often used in small amounts as an occasional reward for dogs, commonly used in treats and activity toys” said Dr. Pam Reid, Vice President of the ASPCA Animal Behavior Center.

If you want more info, here’s our press release, which details Salmonella and how it affects pets—and consequentially, their humans.

	Play it safe—visit the FDA’s Pet Food Recall pages.

Waaah, I Feel Left Out—I Wanna Take an Oath, Too!

Congratulations to President Obama on his big day! Are you in the mood for an inauguration of your own? Scoop up your pet in your left arm, raise your right hand and repeat aloud:

"I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the role of Pet Parent, and will to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend my pet, as dictated by the Pet Care section of the ASPCA’s website!”

Now give your pet a kiss. That was fun! And we got in a shameless plug while we were at it. ;)

	Unfortunately, not all pets get the great care you provide your own animals at home because of a shelter’s lack of funds. Donate to your local community shelter!

Let This Post Shock You Instead of Your Dog

Winter’s chill may have settled in your neighborhood, but your energetic pooch still wants to go for walks in the great outdoors. Take it slow and steady, pet parents. According to our experts, the danger of stray voltage on city streets can turn a simple stroll into a devastating event for our furry friends.

Most common in northern climes and urban areas, stray voltage occurs when dormant utilities leak excess electricity. Combined with wet streets and salt-based ice melts, this current can shock, injure or even prove fatal for those in its path. “Since salt used to treat icy streets is a great conductor of electricity,” says Dr. Louise Murray, ASPCA Director of Medicine and author of Vet Confidential, “the risk of shock from stray voltage is that much higher during the winter months.” The ASPCA offers the following tips to help you avoid potentially hazardous areas, and advice on what to do if your pet has suffered an electrical shock:

• Keep your dog away from metal fixtures, such as lampposts, grates or manhole covers. While these spots may be your pet’s favorite place to relieve himself, they may also conduct hazardous electricity.

• Your dog's snazzy, rubber rain boots may look good, but they won't protect your pooch from a strong current. Don’t depend on them to keep your pet safe. Some boots—those with metal studs, for example—may even make the situation worse.
  
  
• Observe your dog’s behavior. Is he skittish, frightened, angry or upset for no apparent reason? These sudden behavioral changes could be an indication of electric shock.
  
  
• If your dog is incapacitated due to shock, don’t try to touch or move him without protective gear. Your pooch may pass the current to you, rendering you both incapable of seeking help. Instead, call your local fire department immediately.

Know of an area in your neighborhood that could be affected by stray voltage? Contact city services—in New York City, dial 311—to alert the proper authorities. For more information about keeping your pet safe during the winter months, please read our cold weather tips.

	For more safety articles like this, sign up for our weekly online newsletter. Your happy pet will thank you for all the neat stuff you learned on his behalf.